NIR Monitoring of Ammonia in Anaerobic Digesters Using a Diffuse Reflectance Probe

NIR Monitoring of Ammonia in Anaerobic Digesters Using a Diffuse Reflectance Probe

The feasibility of using a diffuse reflectance probe attached to a near infrared spectrometer to monitor the total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) content in an anaerobic digester run on cattle manure was investigated; as a previous study has indicated that this probe can be easily attached to an anaerobic digester. Multivariate modelling techniques such as partial least squares regression and interval ...

Modeling of ammonia speciation in anaerobic digesters.

Anaerobic digestion of high-nitrogen wastes such as animal manure can be inhibited by high concentrations of un-ionized ammonia, NH(3) (aq). Understanding the toxicity of NH(3) (aq) to anaerobic digestion requires a method for determining its concentration. Previous work on ammonia toxicity in anaerobic digesters has utilized a simple equilibrium calculation for estimating NH(3) (aq) concentrat...

Dairy Manure Anaerobic Digesters

Study of Struvite Precipitation in Anaerobic Digesters

-In this paper struvite formation and crystal forms in anaerobic digesters under differing feed types and support media have been studied. Struvite appears when the medium contains magnesium, ammonium and phosphate ions. NH + can be supplied from protein degradation, phosphate from bacterial exudation and Mg 2+ by the supports. The precipitation of struvite has also been checked with real feedi...

DIFFUSE REFLECTANCE MEASUREMENTS FROM DIFFERENT SURFACES

Relative diffuse reflection measurements from the original and ground surfaces using a He-Ne laser are reported. The intensity measurements for the metallic, transparent dielectric, matte plastic surfaces and colored papers are presented. Our results indicate that among metallic surfaces tested, aluminum has the highest diffuse reflectance; while the original stainless steel surface shows the l...